Učni načrt predmeta

Predmet:
Karakterizacija kovinskih materialov
Course:
Characterization of Metallic Materials
Študijski program in stopnja /
Study programme and level		 Študijska smer /
Study field		 Letnik /
Academic year		 Semester /
Semester
Nanoznanosti in nanotehnologije, 3. stopnja / 1 1
Nanosciences and Nanotechnologies, 3rd cycle / 1 1
Vrsta predmeta / Course type
Izbirni
Univerzitetna koda predmeta / University course code:
NANO3-804
Predavanja
Lectures		 Seminar
Seminar		 Vaje
Tutorial		 Klinične vaje
work		 Druge oblike
študija		 Samost. delo
Individ. work		 ECTS
15 15 15 10 5

*Navedena porazdelitev ur velja, če je vpisanih vsaj 15 študentov. Drugače se obseg izvedbe kontaktnih ur sorazmerno zmanjša in prenese v samostojno delo. / This distribution of hours is valid if at least 15 students are enrolled. Otherwise the contact hours are linearly reduced and transfered to individual work.

Nosilec predmeta / Course leader:
izr. prof. dr. Monika Jenko
Sodelavci / Lecturers:
Jeziki / Languages:
Predavanja / Lectures:
Slovenščina/English
Vaje / Tutorial:
Pogoji za vključitev v delo oz. za opravljanje študijskih obveznosti:
Prerequisites:

Zaključen študijski program druge stopnje s področja naravoslovja, tehnike, medicine, biomedicine ali sorodnih področij. Kandidat mora izkazati temeljno znanje s področja materialov, fizike, kemije ali inženirstva. Pri kandidatih z drugih področij se ustreznost predznanja presodi na podlagi dokazil, raziskovalnih izkušenj ali razgovora z nosilko predmeta.

Completed second cycle study programme in natural sciences, engineering, medicine, biomedicine or a related field. The candidate must demonstrate fundamental knowledge of materials science, physics, chemistry or engineering. For candidates from other disciplines, the adequacy of prior knowledge is assessed on the basis of certificates, research experience or an interview with the course leader.

Vsebina:
Content (Syllabus outline):

1. Kristalna zgradba, fazna sestava, kristalne napake in mikrostruktura kovin ter zlitin.
2. Povezave med kemijsko sestavo, procesiranjem, mikrostrukturo in lastnostmi kovinskih materialov.
3. Elastična in plastična deformacija, dislokacije, mehanizmi utrjevanja, utrujanje, lezenje, lom in obraba.
4. Mehanske lastnosti in metode mehanskega preizkušanja na makro, mikro in nanometrski ravni, vključno z mikrotrdoto in nanovtiskovanjem.
5. Metalografska priprava vzorcev, svetlobna mikroskopija ter kvantitativna analiza mikrostrukture.
6. Vrstična in presevna elektronska mikroskopija, SEM in TEM, priprava vzorcev ter interpretacija slik.
7. Kemijska mikroanaliza z EDS in WDS ter prostorsko kartiranje kemijske sestave.
8. Kristalografska in fazna karakterizacija z XRD, GIXRD, EBSD in elektronsko difrakcijo.
9. Karakterizacija površin, tankih in ultratankih plasti, oksidnih plasti, korozijskih produktov, mejnih površin in segregacij z metodami XPS, AES, SIMS in ToF SIMS.
10. Tridimenzionalna in nedestruktivna karakterizacija z rentgensko mikro računalniško tomografijo.
11. Priprava ciljnih mest in mikrolamel s fokusiranim ionskim curkom ter povezovanje metod FIB, SEM in TEM.
12. Karakterizacija aditivno izdelanih kovinskih materialov, predvsem materialov, izdelanih s postopki laserskega in elektronskega taljenja prašne postelje.
13. Karakterizacija kovinskih biomaterialov, medicinskih vsadkov ter mejnih površin med biomaterialom in biološkim sistemom.
14. Analiza poškodb, tribokorozije, obrabnih delcev, korozijskih produktov in vzrokov odpovedi kovinskih komponent.
15. Korelativna in večmodalna karakterizacija, povezovanje podatkov različnih prostorskih skalah ter izbira primerne kombinacije metod.
16. Osnove zagotavljanja kakovosti meritev, kalibracije, ponovljivosti, merilne negotovosti in kritičnega vrednotenja rezultatov.
17. Digitalna obdelava slik in podatkov, statistična analiza ter odgovorna in pregledna uporaba metod umetne inteligence pri karakterizaciji materialov.
18. Samostojno načrtovanje raziskave za izbrani kovinski material, izbira metod, interpretacija rezultatov ter priprava znanstveno utemeljenega poročila.

1. Crystal structure, phase composition, crystal defects and microstructure of metals and alloys.
2. Relationships among chemical composition, processing, microstructure and properties of metallic materials.
3. Elastic and plastic deformation, dislocations, strengthening mechanisms, fatigue, creep, fracture and wear.
4. Mechanical properties and mechanical testing at macro, micro and nanoscale, including microhardness and nanoindentation.
5. Metallographic sample preparation, light microscopy and quantitative microstructural analysis.
6. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy, SEM and TEM, sample preparation and image interpretation.
7. Chemical microanalysis using EDS and WDS and spatial mapping of chemical composition.
8. Crystallographic and phase characterization using XRD, GIXRD, EBSD and electron diffraction.
9. Characterization of surfaces, thin and ultrathin films, oxide layers, corrosion products, interfaces and segregation using XPS, AES, SIMS and ToF SIMS.
10. Three dimensional and nondestructive characterization using X ray microcomputed tomography.
11. Site specific preparation and fabrication of electron transparent lamellae using focused ion beam techniques and integration of FIB, SEM and TEM.
12. Characterization of additively manufactured metallic materials, particularly materials produced by laser and electron beam powder bed fusion.
13. Characterization of metallic biomaterials, medical implants and interfaces between biomaterials and biological systems.
14. Analysis of damage, tribocorrosion, wear particles, corrosion products and failure mechanisms of metallic components.
15. Correlative and multimodal characterization, integration of data across different length scales and selection of complementary analytical methods.
16. Fundamentals of measurement quality assurance, calibration, repeatability, measurement uncertainty and critical evaluation of results.
17. Digital image and data processing, statistical analysis and responsible and transparent use of artificial intelligence methods in materials characterization.
18. Independent design of a characterization study for a selected metallic material, selection of methods, interpretation of results and preparation of a scientifically substantiated report.

Temeljna literatura in viri / Readings:

1. Goldstein, J. I. in drugi. Scanning Electron Microscopy and X Ray Microanalysis. Fourth Edition. Springer, 2018.
2. Fultz, B., Howe, J. M. Transmission Electron Microscopy and Diffractometry of Materials. Fourth Edition. Springer, 2013.
3. Leng, Y. Materials Characterization: Introduction to Microscopic and Spectroscopic Methods. Second Edition. Wiley, 2013.
4. Brandon, D., Kaplan, W. D. Microstructural Characterization of Materials. Second Edition. Wiley, 2008.
5. Vickerman, J. C., Gilmore, I. S., urednika. Surface Analysis: The Principal Techniques. Second Edition. Wiley, 2009.
6. Watts, J. F., Wolstenholme, J. An Introduction to Surface Analysis by XPS and AES. Second Edition. Wiley, 2019.
7. Niinomi, M., urednik. Metals for Biomedical Devices. Second Edition. Woodhead Publishing, 2019.
8. Dieter, G. E. Mechanical Metallurgy. Third Edition. McGraw Hill.
9. Ciljani izbor aktualnih znanstvenih člankov iz revij Acta Materialia, Materials Characterization, Scripta Materialia, Ultramicroscopy, Microscopy and Microanalysis, Surface and Interface Analysis, Applied Surface Science, Corrosion Science, Acta Biomaterialia, Additive Manufacturing in Materials Science and Engineering A.

Ciljani izbor in razprava o aktualnih znanstvenih objavah, predvsem v revijah Science, Nature Scientific reports, Nature Materials, Acta Metallurgica, Acta Biomaterialia, Surface Science, Applied Surface Science,
Corrosion science, etc.
Targeted selection and discussion of scientific publications, particularly from Science, Nature, Scientific Reports, Nature Materials, Acta Metallurgica, Acta Biomaterialia, Surface Science, Applied Surface Science, Corrosion Science, Journal of Materials Science &Technology, and Advanced Materials

Cilji in kompetence:
Objectives and competences:

Cilj predmeta je študenta usposobiti za samostojno načrtovanje, izvajanje in kritično vrednotenje karakterizacije sodobnih kovinskih materialov, nanomaterialov, biomaterialov, površin, prevlek in mejnih površin.
Študent razvije naslednje kompetence:
1. Poglobljeno razumevanje povezav med izdelavo, kemijsko sestavo, mikrostrukturo, površinskimi lastnostmi in funkcionalnim obnašanjem kovinskih materialov.
2. Samostojna izbira ustreznih in komplementarnih karakterizacijskih metod glede na raziskovalno vprašanje.
3. Načrtovanje priprave vzorcev in merilnega postopka z upoštevanjem možnih artefaktov, omejitev metod in merilne negotovosti.
4. Kritična interpretacija mikroskopskih, spektroskopskih, difrakcijskih, mehanskih in tridimenzionalnih podatkov.
5. Povezovanje rezultatov, pridobljenih z različnimi metodami in na različnih prostorskih ravneh.
6. Samostojno in skupinsko raziskovalno delo ter reševanje kompleksnih raziskovalnih problemov.
7. Znanstveno utemeljeno poročanje in predstavljanje rezultatov strokovnjakom različnih disciplin.
8. Odgovorno ravnanje z raziskovalnimi podatki in kritična uporaba digitalnih orodij ter umetne inteligence.

The objective of the course is to enable students to independently design, perform and critically evaluate the characterization of advanced metallic materials, nanomaterials, biomaterials, surfaces, coatings and interfaces.
The student develops the following competences:
1. Advanced understanding of relationships among manufacturing, chemical composition, microstructure, surface properties and functional behaviour of metallic materials.
2. Independent selection of appropriate and complementary characterization methods for a defined research question.
3. Planning of sample preparation and measurement procedures, considering possible artefacts, methodological limitations and measurement uncertainty.
4. Critical interpretation of microscopic, spectroscopic, diffraction, mechanical and three dimensional data.
5. Integration of results obtained using different methods and at different length scales.
6. Independent and collaborative research and solution of complex research problems.
7. Scientifically substantiated reporting and presentation of results to experts from different disciplines.
8. Responsible research data management and critical use of digital tools and artificial intelligence.

Predvideni študijski rezultati:
Intendeded learning outcomes:

Po uspešno opravljenem predmetu bo študent sposoben:
1. Razložiti povezave med kristalno zgradbo, mikrostrukturo, površinsko kemijo in lastnostmi kovinskih materialov.
2. Za izbrani raziskovalni problem utemeljeno izbrati ustrezne mehanske, mikroskopske, spektroskopske, difrakcijske in tridimenzionalne metode.
3. Načrtovati pripravo reprezentativnega vzorca in prepoznati artefakte, ki lahko nastanejo med pripravo ali analizo.
4. Samostojno analizirati in interpretirati rezultate metod LM, SEM, TEM, EDS, WDS, EBSD, XRD, XPS, AES, SIMS in mikro CT.
5. Oceniti prednosti, omejitve, prostorsko in globinsko ločljivost ter merilno negotovost posamezne metode.
6. Povezati rezultate več komplementarnih metod v celovito razlago obnašanja materiala.
7. Kritično ovrednotiti karakterizacijo aditivno izdelanih kovin, biomaterialov, površin, prevlek in mejnih površin.
8. Izvesti analizo poškodbe ali odpovedi kovinske komponente ter oblikovati znanstveno utemeljene zaključke.
9. Pripraviti raziskovalno poročilo ali seminarsko nalogo v obliki, primerljivi z znanstvenim člankom, ter rezultate strokovno zagovarjati.
10. Pregledno dokumentirati analitični postopek, obdelavo podatkov in morebitno uporabo umetne inteligence.

After successfully completing the course, the student will be able to:
1. Explain relationships among crystal structure, microstructure, surface chemistry and properties of metallic materials.
2. Select and justify appropriate mechanical, microscopic, spectroscopic, diffraction and three dimensional methods for a defined research problem.
3. Plan the preparation of a representative sample and identify artefacts introduced during preparation or analysis.
4. Independently analyse and interpret results obtained using LM, SEM, TEM, EDS, WDS, EBSD, XRD, XPS, AES, SIMS and micro CT.
5. Evaluate the advantages, limitations, spatial and depth resolution and measurement uncertainty of individual methods.
6. Integrate results from complementary methods into a comprehensive explanation of material behaviour.
7. Critically evaluate the characterization of additively manufactured metals, biomaterials, surfaces, coatings and interfaces.
8. Perform a failure or damage analysis of a metallic component and formulate scientifically substantiated conclusions.
9. Prepare a research report or seminar paper comparable in structure to a scientific article and defend the results professionally.
10. Transparently document the analytical procedure, data processing and any use of artificial intelligence.

Metode poučevanja in učenja:
Learning and teaching methods:

Uvodna in problemsko zasnovana predavanja. Razprava o aktualnih znanstvenih objavah. Individualno in skupinsko seminarsko delo. Demonstracije in praktično delo na raziskovalni opremi. Načrtovanje karakterizacije izbranega materiala ali komponente. Priprava vzorcev, izvedba meritev, analiza podatkov in kritična interpretacija rezultatov. Obravnava študij primerov poškodb in odpovedi materialov. Priprava pisnega raziskovalnega poročila in ustna predstavitev z razpravo. Individualne konzultacije z nosilko predmeta

Introductory and problem based lectures. Discussion of current scientific publications. Individual and collaborative seminar work. Demonstrations and practical work using research equipment. Design of a characterization strategy for a selected material or component. Sample preparation, measurements, data analysis and critical interpretation of results. Case studies of material damage and failure. Preparation of a written research report and oral presentation followed by discussion. Individual consultations with the course leader.

Načini ocenjevanja:
Delež v % / Weight in %
Assesment:
Seminarska naloga Raziskovalna seminarska naloga oziroma poročilo, ki vključuje opredelitev raziskovalnega problema, utemeljeno izbiro karakterizacijskih metod, analizo ali kritično obravnavo rezultatov ter znanstveno utemeljene zaključke. Ustni zagovor, pri katerem študent predstavi raziskovalni pristop, kritično ovrednoti uporabljene metode in omejitve ter odgovori na vprašanja, povezana s predvidenimi študijskimi rezultati.
60
Seminar work Research seminar paper or report including the definition of the research problem, justified selection of characterization methods, analysis or critical evaluation of results and scientifically substantiated conclusions. Oral defence in which the student presents the research approach, critically evaluates the methods and their limitations and answers questions related to the intended learning outcomes.
Zagovor seminarske naloge, pri katerem dokaže osvojitev vseh študijskih izidov z vsaj po enim konkretnim primerom.
40
Defense of the seminar work where the student demonstrates the achievement of all learning outcomes with at least one specific case for each outcome.
Reference nosilca / Lecturer's references:
1. KOCJANČIČ, Boštjan, KOCJANČIČ, Ema, TADEL KOCJANČIČ, Špela, KOVAČ, Janez, JENKO, Monika, DEBELJAK, Mojca. Evaluation of Oxinium (oxidized Zr2.5Nb) femoral heads in hip endoprostheses : case report. Coatings. 2025, vol. 15, str. 1087-1-1087-15. ISSN 2079-6412. https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/15/9/1087/pdf, DOI: 10.3390/coatings15091087
2. POTPARIĆ, Igor, JENKO, Monika, DOLINAR, Drago, AVSEC, Klemen, DEBELJAK, Mojca, GODEC, Matjaž, KOCJANČIČ, Boštjan. Severe metallosis after polyethylene liner dislocation in ceramic-on-Ti6Al4V total hip arthroplasty : a case study = Huda metaloza po dislokaciji polietilenskega vložka pri keramično-titanovi Ti6Al4V totalni kolčni endoprotezi : študij primera. Materiali in tehnologije. [Tiskana izd.]. maj-jun. 2025, let. 59, št. 3, str. 481–486, ilustr. ISSN 1580-2949. https://mater-tehnol.si/index.php/MatTech/article/view/1441, DOI: 10.17222/mit.2025.1441
3. KOCJANČIČ, Boštjan, AVSEC, Klemen, ŠETINA, Barbara, FEIZPOUR, Darja, GODEC, Matjaž, KRALJ-IGLIČ, Veronika, PODLIPEC, Rok, CÖR, Andrej, DEBELJAK, Mojca, GRANT, John T., JENKO, Monika, DOLINAR, Drago. The impact of Al2O3 particles from grit-blasted Ti6Al7Nb (alloy) implant surfaces on biocompatibility, aseptic loosening, and infection. Materials. 2023, vol. 16, iss. 21, str. 1-17, ilustr. ISSN 1996-1944. https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/21/6867, DOI: 10.3390/ma16216867. [COBISS.SI-ID 170193923
4. JAN, Zala, HOČEVAR, Matej, KONONENKO, Veno, MICHELINI, Sara, REPAR, Neža, CAF, Maja, KOCJANČIČ, Boštjan, DOLINAR, Drago, KRALJ, Slavko, MAKOVEC, Darko, IGLIČ, Aleš, DROBNE, Damjana, JENKO, Monika, KRALJ-IGLIČ, Veronika. Inflammatory, oxidative stress and small cellular particle response in HUVEC induced by debris from endoprosthesis processing. Materials. 2023, vol. 16, iss. 9, str. 1-17, ilustr. ISSN 1996-1944
5. JOVIČEVIĆ KLUG, Patricia, JENKO, Monika, KLUG JOVIČEVIĆ, Matic, ŠETINA, Barbara, KOVAČ, Janez, PODGORNIK, Bojan. Effect of deep cryogenic treatment on surface chemistry and microstructure of selected high-speed steels. Applied Surface Science. [Print ed.]. May 2021, vol. 548, str. 1-11, ilustr. ISSN 0169-4332. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169433221003330, DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2021.149257.