Učni načrt predmeta

Predmet:

Jedrska fuzija kot okolju prijazen alternativni vir energije

Course:

Nuclear Fusion as an Environmentally friendly Source of Energy

Študijski program in stopnja / Study programme and level	Študijska smer / Study field	Letnik / Academic year	Semester / Semester
Ekotehnologije, 3. stopnja	/	1	1
Ecotechnologies, 3rd cycle	/	1	1

Vrsta predmeta / Course type

Izbirni

Univerzitetna koda predmeta / University course code:

EKO3-351

Predavanja Lectures	Seminar Seminar	Vaje Tutorial	Klinične vaje work	Druge oblike študija	Samost. delo Individ. work	ECTS
15	15			15	105	5

*Navedena porazdelitev ur velja, če je vpisanih vsaj 15 študentov. Drugače se obseg izvedbe kontaktnih ur sorazmerno zmanjša in prenese v samostojno delo. / This distribution of hours is valid if at least 15 students are enrolled. Otherwise the contact hours are linearly reduced and transfered to individual work.

Nosilec predmeta / Course leader:

prof. dr. Miran Mozetič

Sodelavci / Lecturers:

Jeziki / Languages:

Predavanja / Lectures:

slovenščina, angleščina / Slovenian, English

Vaje / Tutorial:

Pogoji za vključitev v delo oz. za opravljanje študijskih obveznosti:

Prerequisites:

Znanje, ki je ekvivalentno izobrazbi druge stopnje ali univerzitetni izobrazbi s področja naravoslovja ali tehnologije.

Knowledge, which is equivalent to a second level or university degree from natural sciences or technology.

Vsebina:

Content (Syllabus outline):

- Zgodovinski pregled.
- Zlivanje jeder in razpoložljiva energija.
- Sonce in vroča termonuklearna plazma.
- Tokamaki in stelaratorji.
- Tehnološki problemi pri fuzijskih reaktorjih.
- Interakcija vroče plazme s trdnimi materiali.
- Ekološki vidiki fuzije in varnost reaktorjev.
- ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor).
- DEMO (Demonstration Fusion Reactor).

- Historical overview.
- Nuclear fusion and available energy.
- Sun and hot thermonuclear plasma.
- Tokamaks and stellarators.
- Technological problems in fusion reactors.
- Interaction of hot plasma with solid materials.
- Ecological aspects and safety measures.
- ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor).
- DEMO (Demonstration Fusion Reactor).

Temeljna literatura in viri / Readings:

Knjigi / Books:
- Kikuchi, Mitsuru, Azumi, Masafumi, Frontiers in Fusion Research II, Springer International Publishing Switzerland, 2015, ISBN 978-3-319-18905-5
- Ciullo, Giuseppe, Engels, Ralph, Büscher, Markus, Vasilyev, Aleksander, Nuclear Fusion with Polarized Fuel, Springer Proceedings in Physics, 2016, ISBN 978-3-319-39471-8

Revije / Journals:
- Nuclear Fusion
- Journal of Nuclear Materials
- Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion

Cilji in kompetence:

Objectives and competences:

Vpeljati študente v znanstveno področje jedrske fizike:
- pregled nad preteklimi, sedanjimi in predvidenimi prihodnjimi aktivnostmi na področju razvoja fuzijskih reaktorjev za proizvodnjo električne energije,
- presoja ekoloških vidikov pridobivanja energije iz zlivanja jeder lahkih elementov in ugotovitev, da fuzijski reaktorji niso primerljivi s konvencionalnimi jedrskimi reaktorji za pridobivanje energije s cepitvijo jeder težkih elementov,
- seznanitev z možnostmi vključevanja v velike mednarodne projekte s področja fuzije kot so EUROfusion (European Consortium for the Development of Fusion Energy), ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) in DEMO (Demonstration Fusion Reactor).

Kompetence:
- presoditi vlogo jedrske fuzije kot bodočega vira energije,
- razlikovati med jedrskimi elektrarnami in fuzijskimi reaktorji,
- ugotoviti možnosti segrevanja plina do temperatur višjih od temperature sredice sonca,
- razlikovati med tokamaki, stelaratorji in Z-pinchi,
- presoditi ekološke vidike jedrske fuzije,
- ugotoviti ključne tehnološke probleme jedrske fuzije.

To introduce students to the basics of nuclear fusion:
- overview on past, current and planned activities in development of fusion reactors for electrical energy production,
- evaluation of the ecological aspects of energy production from fusion of light element nuclei and find that fusion reactors are not comparable with conventional nuclear reactors for energy production from fission of heavy element nuclei,
- information on possibilities for joining large international projects on fusion such as EUROfusion (European Consortium for the Development of Fusion Energy), ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) and DEMO (Demonstration Fusion Reactor).

Competencies:
- judging nuclear fusion as the future source of energy,
- distinguishing between fission and fusion reactors,
- discovering abilities to heat gas above the temperature in the centre of the sun
- distinguishing between tokamaks, stellarators and Z-pinches,
- evaluation of ecological aspects of nuclear fusion,
- evaluation of currently crucial technological problems.

Predvideni študijski rezultati:

Intendeded learning outcomes:

- Presoditi jedrsko fuzijo kot alternativni domala neizčrpni vir energije za bodočnost,
- presoditi prednosti jedrske fuzije v primerjavi s klasičnimi jedrskimi reaktorji za pridobivanje energije,
- oceniti ekološko neoporečnost tehnologije, majhno količino goriva, zanemarljivo količino radioaktivnih odpadkov, visoko stopnjo varnosti,
- kritično oceniti pomanjkljivosti jedrske fuzije: finančno in strokovno izredno zahtevna tehnologija in nerešeni tehnološki problemi,
- ugotoviti možnosti sodelovanja v tekočih in bodočih raziskovalno – tehnoloških projektih.

- Understanding nuclear fusion as an alternative almost inexhaustible energy source for future,
- judging advantages of nuclear fusion as compared to classical nuclear reactors for energy extraction,
- estimating ecological aspects of fusion technology, small fuel quantity, negligible radioactive waste, high security level,
- evaluating drawbacks of fusion technology: commercially and expertly demanding technology and unsolved technical problems,
- finding possibilities for collaboration in current and future research and technological projects.

Metode poučevanja in učenja:

Learning and teaching methods:

- kratka predavanja
- interaktivno laboratorijsko delo
- seminarska naloga

- short courses
- interactive laboratory work
- seminar

Načini ocenjevanja:

Delež v % / Weight in %

Assesment:

Ocena laboratorijskega dela oziroma eksperimentalnih spretnosti

Experimental skills and ability for working in a laboratory

Seminarska naloga

Seminar

Ustni zagovor seminarske naloge

Oral defence of seminar work

Reference nosilca / Lecturer's references:

1.	PAUL, Domen, MOZETIČ, Miran, ZAPLOTNIK, Rok, PRIMC, Gregor, ĐONLAGIĆ, Denis, VESEL, Alenka. A review of recombination coefficients of neutral oxygen atoms for various materials. Materials. Mar. 2023, vol. 16, iss. 5, [article no.] 1774, str. 1-50, ilustr. ISSN 1996-1944. https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/5/1774, https://dirros.openscience.si/IzpisGradiva.php?id=16288, DOI: 10.3390/ma16051774.
2.	PAUL, Domen, MOZETIČ, Miran, ZAPLOTNIK, Rok, VESEL, Alenka, PRIMC, Gregor, ĐONLAGIĆ, Denis. The penetration depth of atomic radicals in tubes with catalytic surface properties. Plasma Science & Technology. 2024, vol. 26, art. 075510. ISSN 1009-0630. DOI: 10.1088/2058-6272/ad3952.
3.	MOZETIČ, Miran. Low‑pressure non‑equilibrium plasma technologies : scientifc background and technological challenges. Reviews of modern plasma physics. 2025, vol. 9, article number 25, str. 1-40, ilustr. ISSN 2367-3192. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41614-025-00201-x, DOI: 10.1007/s41614-025-00201-x.
4.	PAUL, Domen, MOZETIČ, Miran, PRIMC, Gregor, VESEL, Alenka, DREV, Sandra, ZAPLOTNIK, Rok. Heterogeneous surface recombination of oxygen atoms on vertically oriented multilayer graphene sheets deposited on a metal substrate. Applied surface science. [Online ed.]. 2025, vol. 707, [article no.] 163654, str. 1-12, ilustr. ISSN 1873-5584. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169433225013698, dCOBISS, DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2025.163654
5.	ZAPLOTNIK, Rok, DRENIK, Aleksander, VESEL, Alenka, MOZETIČ, Miran. Ammonia production in a dual crossed atom beam experiment. Nuclear fusion. [Online ed.]. Jun. 2023, vol. 63, no. 6, [article no.] 066035, str. 1-10, ilustr. ISSN 1741-4326. https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1741-4326/acd1a1, DOI: 10.1088/1741-4326/acd1a1.