Učni načrt predmeta

Predmet:

Odzivi na stres v morskem okolju

Course:

Stress responses in marine environment

Študijski program in stopnja / Study programme and level	Študijska smer / Study field	Letnik / Academic year	Semester / Semester
Ekotehnologije, 3. stopnja	/	1	1
Ecotechnologies, 3rd cycle	/	1	1

Vrsta predmeta / Course type

Izbirni / Elective

Univerzitetna koda predmeta / University course code:

EKO3-761

Predavanja Lectures	Seminar Seminar	Vaje Tutorial	Klinične vaje work	Druge oblike študija	Samost. delo Individ. work	ECTS
15	15			15	105	5

*Navedena porazdelitev ur velja, če je vpisanih vsaj 15 študentov. Drugače se obseg izvedbe kontaktnih ur sorazmerno zmanjša in prenese v samostojno delo. / This distribution of hours is valid if at least 15 students are enrolled. Otherwise the contact hours are linearly reduced and transfered to individual work.

Nosilec predmeta / Course leader:

doc. dr. Andreja Ramšak

Sodelavci / Lecturers:

doc. dr. Tinkara Tinta

Jeziki / Languages:

Predavanja / Lectures:

slovenski, angleški / Slovenian, English

Vaje / Tutorial:

slovenski, angleški / Slovenian, English

Pogoji za vključitev v delo oz. za opravljanje študijskih obveznosti:

Prerequisites:

Zaključen študij druge stopnje naravoslovne ali tehniške smeri ali zaključen študij drugih smeri z dokazanim poznavanjem osnov področja predmeta (pisna dokazila, pogovor).

Completed second-cycle studies in natural sciences or engineering or completed second-cycle studies in other fields with proven knowledge of fundamentals in the field of this course (certificates, interview).

Vsebina:

Content (Syllabus outline):

Uvod v obalne morske ekosisteme in ekosisteme rečnih izlivov v morje.
Vplivi človeka na obalna območja in uporabo virov, okoljski indikatorji in shema DPSIR.
Onesnaženje v morskem okolju in kvaliteta obalnih voda (viri in vplivi onesnaženja, monitoring).
Poznavanje ekološkega stresa v morskih organizmih, ki ga sprožijo različni okoljski dejavniki, in pomen na nivoju osebka, populacije in vrste.
Uvod v glavne mehanizme odziva na stres na celičnem nivoju zaradi abiotskih stresnih dejavnikov (toplota, mraz, slanost, hipoksija, suša) v morskih organizmih (npr. mehkužci in ribe; pomembni v prehrani ljudi).
Toksične spojine kot stresni dejavnik in odziv na molekularnem nivoju v morskih organizmih.
Genetsko pogojen odgovor na stres (mikroevolucija, odpornost in toleranca na toksične spojine).
Terensko delo: zbiranje in beleženje podatkov o fizikalno-kemijskih parametrih, nabiranje primernih organizmov, morfologija in prilagoditve v školjkah kot modelnih organizmih.
Vpliv dejavnikov onesnaženja na mikrobno združbo v obalnih morskih ekosistemih in ekosistemih rečnih izlivov v morje.
Proučevanje odzivov mikroorganizmov na različne oblike onesnažil in posledice le-teh na biogeokemične cikle v obalnih morjih.

Introduction to estuarine and coastal marine ecosystem.
Human influences on the coastal zones and resource use, environmental indicators and DPSIR framework.
Marine pollution and coastal water quality (sources and impacts of pollution, monitoring).
Understanding the ecological stress evoked in marine organisms by different environmental factors and its meaning for individual, population, species level.
Introduction to main stress-induced mechanisms at cellular level due to abiotic stress factors (heat, cold, salinity, hypoxia, drought) in marine organisms (e.g. mollusc and fish; important in human consumption).
Toxic substances as stress factors and response at molecular level in marine organisms.
Genetically dependent response to stress (microevolution, resistance and tolerance to toxic substances).
Field work: Practical work on field to collect and record data on physico-chemical parameters, collection of organisms of interest, morphology and adaptations in mussels as model organism.
The impact of pollution on microorganisms from coastal marine and estuarine ecosystems.
Understanding the response of marine microbial communities to environmental perturbations,and different contaminants,and consequent impacts on the biogeochemical cycles in the coastal marine environments.

Temeljna literatura in viri / Readings:

George N. Somero, Brent Lockwood, Lars Tomanek. 2017. Biochemical adaptation:Response to Environmental Challenges from Life's Origins to the Anthropocene.Sinauer, 2017, ISBN 160535564X, 9781605355641
Claude Amiard-Triquet, Jean-Claude Amiard and Philip S. Rainbow. 2012. Ecological biomarkers: indicators
of ecotoxicological effects, edited by, Boca Raton, FL, USA, CRC Press, ISBN 978-1-4398-8017-3.
Solan, M. and Whitley, N., (eds)., 2016, Stressors in the Marine Environment: Physiological and ecological
response; societal implications, 1st edition, ISBN-13:978-0198718833.
A. Lowe, S. Harris and P. Ashton, 2004. Ecological Genetics: Design, Analysis, and Application, Blackwell
Publishing, ISBN: 1405100338.
D.L. Kircham (Ed).: Processes in microbial ecology (2012). Oxford University Press Inc, New York.
C. Munn (Ed): Marine microbiology: Ecology and Applications. (2011). 2nd Ed. Garland Science, Taylor &
Francis Group, UK."

Cilji in kompetence:

Objectives and competences:

Cilj predmeta je pripraviti študenta na raziskovalno delo na področju odziva na stres v morskem okolju.

Kompetence:
Izbira in načrtovanje ustreznih pristopov za reševanje okoljskih problemov v morskem okolju.
Izdelava scenarijev zaradi posledic onesnaževanja za morske organizme, združbe in morsko okolje.
Izbira ustreznih metodologij za meritve škodljivih učinkov onesnaženja (stres) na morske organizme in združbe.
Razvoj novih tehnik in pristopov za oceno stresa v morskem okolju.
Načrtovanje in usklajevanje timskega dela s strokovnjaki različnih znanstvenih disciplin.

The aim of the course is to prepare a student for research work in the field of stress response in the marine environment.

Competences:
Selection and planning appropriate approaches to solving environmental problems in the marine environment.
Creation of scenarios due to the consequences of pollution for marine organisms, communities and the marine environment.
Selection of appropriate methodologies to measure the harmful effects of pollution (stress) on marine organisms and communities
Development of new techniques and approaches for evaluation the stress in the marine environment.
Planning and coordinating teamwork with experts from various disciplines.

Predvideni študijski rezultati:

Intendeded learning outcomes:

Razumeti stresni odziv, povzročen s toksičnimi spojinami v morskem okolju.
Razumeti povezavo med mehanizmi stresa na molekularnem nivoju in njihovo povezavo med višjimi organizacijskimi nivoji organizma do populacije.
Razumeti vpliv onesnažil na delovanje specifičnih mikroorganizmov in celotno mikrobno združbo (proučevanja na nivoju združbe in na nivoju celice).
Razvoj kritičnega mišljenja in analitskega pristopa za reševanje kompleksnih problemov onesnaženja v morskem okolju (povezovanje znanja iz ustreznih disciplin).

Understand stress response caused by toxic substances in the marine environment.
Understand relationship between stress mechanisms at molecular level and its connection with higher organisational level of organism and to population.
Understanding the impact of pollution on the function and composition of marine microbial community (investigations on the community and single-cell level).
Development of critical thinking and analytical approach to solve complex problems of pollution in the marine environment.

Metode poučevanja in učenja:

Learning and teaching methods:

Terensko delo, predavanja, seminar, konzultacije.

Field work, lectures, seminar, consultations.

Načini ocenjevanja:

Delež v % / Weight in %

Assesment:

Ustni izpit

50 %

Oral exam

Seminar

50 %

Seminar

Reference nosilca / Lecturer's references:

1.	MIJOŠEK PAVIN, Tatjana, KRAČUN-KOLAREVIĆ, Margareta, KOLAREVIĆ, Stoimir, SIMČIČ, Tatjana, MARTINOVIĆ, Rajko, BAJT, Oliver, KALČÍKOVÁ, Gabriela, RAMŠAK, Andreja. Multilevel toxicity assessment of polypropylene microplastics and pyrene on mussels : DNA damage, oxidative stress, and physiological effects. Marine pollution bulletin. Jan. 2026, vol. 222, art. no. 118880, str. [1]-14, ilustr. ISSN 0025-326X. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.118880, DiRROS - Digitalni repozitorij raziskovalnih organizacij Slovenije. [COBISS.SI-ID 257760771]
2.	KOBAL, Tanja, ZULIANI, Tea, KOLAREVIĆ, Stoimir, KRAČUN-KOLAREVIĆ, Margareta, SIMČIČ, Tatjana, MIJOŠEK PAVIN, Tatjana, RAMŠAK, Andreja. Polyethylene microplastics as a vector of tributyltin in Mytilus galloprovincialis and their consequences. Marine pollution bulletin. Aug. 2026, vol. 229, [article no.] 119767, str. 1-11, ilustr. ISSN 1879-3363. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0025326X26005540?dgcid=coauthor, DiRROS - Digitalni repozitorij raziskovalnih organizacij Slovenije, DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2026.119767. [COBISS.SI-ID 277693443]
3.	RAMŠAK, Andreja, BIZJAK, Tine, ROBIČ, Uroš, KOVAČ VIRŠEK, Manca. The need for innovations to secure the future of artisanal mussel farming in the coastal sea of the Gulf of Trieste (Slovenia). Aquaculture reports. Jun. 2024, vol. 36, [art. no.] 102166, str. [1]-9, ilustr. ISSN 2352-5134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102166, DiRROS - Digitalni repozitorij raziskovalnih organizacij Slovenije, DOI: 10.1016/j.aqrep.2024.102166. [COBISS.SI-ID 197551619]
4.	KOLAREVIĆ, Stoimir, KRAČUN-KOLAREVIĆ, Margareta, JOVANOVIĆ MARIĆ, Jovana, DJORDJEVIĆ, Jelena, VUKOVIĆ-GAČIĆ, Branka, JOKSIMOVIĆ, Danijela, MARTINOVIĆ, Rajko, BAJT, Oliver, RAMŠAK, Andreja. Single and combined potential of polystyrene microparticles and fluoranthene in the induction of DNA damage in haemocytes of Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis). Mutagenesis. Jan. 2023, vol. 38, iss. 1, str. 3-12, ilustr. ISSN 0267-8357. https://doi.org/10.1093/mutage/geac017, DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geac017. [COBISS.SI-ID 121611779]
5.	ROSSI, Sergio, BRAMANTI, Lorenzo, HORTA, Paulo, ALLCOCK, A. Louise, CARREIRO-SILVA, Marina, COPPARI, Martina, VIANNEY, Denis, HADJIOANNOU, Louis, ISLA, Enrique, JIMENEZ, Carlos, JOHNSON, Mark, MOHN, Christian, OREJAS, Covadonga, RAMŠAK, Andreja, REIMER, James, RINKEVICH, Baruch, RIZZO, Lucia, SALOMIDI, Maria, SAMAAI, Toufiek, SCHUBERT, Nadine, SOARES, Marcelo, THURSTAN, Ruth H., VASSALLO, Paolo, ZIVERI, Patrizia, ZORRILLA-PUJANA, Juanita. Protecting global marine animal forests. Science. 27 May. 2022, vol. 376, iss. 6596, str. 929. ISSN 0036-8075. https://www.science.org/doi/epdf/10.1126/science.abq7583, DOI: 10.1126/science.abq7583. [COBISS.SI-ID 113305347]