Učni načrt predmeta

Predmet:
Proteazni degradom v napredovanju raka
Course:
Protease Degradome in Cancer Progression
Študijski program in stopnja /
Study programme and level		 Študijska smer /
Study field		 Letnik /
Academic year		 Semester /
Semester
Nanoznanosti in nanotehnologije, 3. stopnja Bioznanosti 1 1
Nanoscience and nanotechnologies, 3rd cycle Biosciences 1 1
Vrsta predmeta / Course type
Izbirni / Elective
Univerzitetna koda predmeta / University course code:
NANO3-895
Predavanja
Lectures		 Seminar
Seminar		 Vaje
Tutorial		 Klinične vaje
work		 Druge oblike
študija		 Samost. delo
Individ. work		 ECTS
15 15 15 105 5

*Navedena porazdelitev ur velja, če je vpisanih vsaj 15 študentov. Drugače se obseg izvedbe kontaktnih ur sorazmerno zmanjša in prenese v samostojno delo. / This distribution of hours is valid if at least 15 students are enrolled. Otherwise the contact hours are linearly reduced and transfered to individual work.

Nosilec predmeta / Course leader:
doc. dr. Barbara Breznik
Sodelavci / Lecturers:
doc. dr. Metka Novak
Jeziki / Languages:
Predavanja / Lectures:
Slovenščina, angleščina / Slovenian, English
Vaje / Tutorial:
Pogoji za vključitev v delo oz. za opravljanje študijskih obveznosti:
Prerequisites:

Zaključena druga stopnja bolonjskega študija ali diploma univerzitetnega študijskega programa. Potrebna so osnovna znanja biokemije, biologije in še posebej celične oz. molekularne biologije.

Completed Bologna second-cycle study program or an equivalent pre-Bologna university study program. Basic knowledge of biochemistry, biology and specifically cell biology and molecular biology is needed.

Vsebina:
Content (Syllabus outline):

Vsebinsko je predmet razčlenjen na več tematik s področja biologije tumorjev. Poudarjena je vloga matičnih celic v raku in v določenih aspektih tudi vloga proteaznega degradoma.

Epidemiologija raka in biomarkerji – pomen proteoliznega sistema kot pokazatelji poteka bolezni.

Potek karcinogeneze: ključne molekularne spremembe v tumorskih celicah (onkogeni, tumorski supresorski geni in ostale vrste genskih sprememb, signaliziranje in epigenetika).

Vloga in pomen matičnih celic v nastanku, razvoju in zdravljenju raka – celična terapija.

Patobiološke značilnosti tumorskih (matičnih) celic: vrste in stopnje malignosti – mehanizmi signaliziranja in molekularne osnove teh patobioloških procesov.

Napredovanje raka in pregled vloge proteaznega degradoma v teh procesih.

The course is divided in several themes in the field of tumour biology. The role of stem cells in cancer is emphasized and in certain aspects also the role of protease degradome.

Epidemiology of cancer and biomarkers – the impact of proteloytic system as biomarkers of the disease progression.

Carcinogenesis process: The key molecular changes in tumour cells (oncogenes, tumour suppressor genes and other genetic alterations, signalling and epigenetic signalling).

The role and impact of stem cells in initiation, development and treatment of cancer – cell therapy.

Pathobiological changes in the tumour (stem) cells: Cell types. degrees of malignancy, signaling mechanisms and molecular basis of tese biological processes.

Tumour progression and an overview of the role of protease degradome in these processes.

Temeljna literatura in viri / Readings:

Izbrana poglavja iz naslednjih knjig: / Selected chapters from the following books:
Tannock IF, Breslo w RG, Hill RP, and Harrington L, The Basic Science of Oncology, McGraw-Hill MedPubl Div, 2013. ISBN: 978-0-07-181349-5 electronic and ISBN: 978-0-07-174520-8, MHID: 0-07-174520-3.
Weinberg RA- The Biology of Cancer, Garland Science, Taylor & Francis Grouip. LLC.USA., 2007. ISBN: 0-8153-4078-8.
Dylan E et al. (eds): Cencerdegradome - Proteases and Cancer biology, Springer. ISBN-978-0-387-69056-8.

Znanstveni člnaki:
SENJOR, Emanuela, HABIČ, Anamarija, ŠVAJGER, Urban, MITROVIĆ, Ana, PROJ, Matic, PORČNIK, Andrej, PRESTOR, Borut, JERALA, Miha, BOŠNJAK, Matic, GOBEC, Stanislav, BREZNIK, Barbara, KOS, Janko, PERIŠIĆ, Milica. Targeting cystatin F activation enhances NK cell cytotoxicity in glioblastoma models. Frontiers in immunology. Oct. 2025, vol. 16, [art. no.] 1708281, str. 1-14, ilustr. ISSN 1664-3224. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1708281,

Majc, B., Habič, A., Novak, M., Rotter, A., Porčnik, A., Mlakar, J., Župunski, V., Pečar Fonović, U., Knez, D., Zidar, N., Gobec, S., Kos, J., Lah Turnšek, T., Pišlar, A., & Breznik, B. (2022). Upregulation of Cathepsin X in Glioblastoma: Interplay with γ-Enolase and the Effects of Selective Cathepsin X Inhibitors. International journal of molecular sciences, 23(3), 1784. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031784

Habič, A., Novak, M., Majc, B., Lah Turnšek, T., & Breznik, B. (2021). Proteases Regulate Cancer Stem Cell Properties and Remodel Their Microenvironment. The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society, 69(12), 775–794. https://doi.org/10.1369/00221554211035192

Breznik, B., Motaln, H., & Turnšek, T. L. (2016). Proteases and cytokines as mediators of interactions between cancer and stromal cells in tumours. Biological Chemistry, 0(0). http://doi.org/10.1515/hsz-2016-0283.

Nature Reviews Cancer – review articles on selected topics in the filed of proteases & cancer

Cilji in kompetence:
Objectives and competences:

Cilj predmeta je seznaniti študenta s področja bioznanosti o pomenu znanstvenih izsledkov, tako neposredno v razumevanju poteka bolezni in posredno v klinični uporabnosti preko prenosa znanj v farmacevtsko tehnologijo in njeno uporabo v onkologiji.

Kompetence študenta z uspešno zaključenim predmetom vključujejo razumevanje osnovnih pojmov eksperimentalne in translacijske onkologijie ter poznavanje sodobnih metod zdravljenja, ki temeljijo na principih individualizirane medicine, uporabnih tudi v onkologiji.

The goal of the course is to familiarize the student with the meaning of scientific achievements, either directly in understanding of the disease progression and indirectly in clinical application via knowledge transfer into pharmaceutical industry and its application in oncology.

The competencies of the students when successfully completing this course would include understanding of basic concepts in experimental and translational oncology as well as the understanding of temporary methods of therapy, based on the principles of individualized medicine, as applied in oncology.

Predvideni študijski rezultati:
Intendeded learning outcomes:

Študentje, ki bodo uspešno zaključili ta predmet,
bodo pridobili:
- Osnove nastanka rakavih obolenj – vrste karcinogeneze
- Osnovne klasifikacije rakavih obolenj in epidemiološke pristope v klinični onkologiji
- Molekularne mehanizme napredovanja raka
- Celična biologija raka s poudarkom na matičnih celicah
- Razumevanje kompleksnosti raka, kakor tudi pomen in vpliv raziskovalnega dela v translacijski onkologiji

The students successfully completing this
course will acquire:
- Basics on cancer initiation – types of carcinogenesis
- Basics on classification of cancer pathology and epidemiologic approaches in clinical oncology
- Molecular mechanism of cancer progression
- Cell biology of cancer with emphasis on stem cells
- The understanding of the complexity of cancer, and the importance of research in translational oncology

Metode poučevanja in učenja:
Learning and teaching methods:

Pridobljena teoretična in praktična znanja študent
pridobi v izbranih predavanjih in konzultacijah.

Možno je tudi vključevanje v eksperimentalno
raziskovanje v laboratorijih.

The acquired theoretical ad practical knowledge are acquired with selective lectures and consultations.

It is also possible to include the students into experimental research in the laboratory.

Načini ocenjevanja:
Delež v % / Weight in %
Assesment:
Ustni zagovor seminarske naloge
70 %
Oral defence of seminar work
Sodelovanje pri pripravah člankov ali seminarske naloge
30 %
Participation in preparation of scientific articles of seminar work
Reference nosilca / Lecturer's references:
1. MAJC, Bernarda, HABIČ, Anamarija, NOVAK, Metka, ROTTER, Ana, PORČNIK, Andrej, MLAKAR, Jernej, ŽUPUNSKI, Vera, PEČAR FONOVIĆ, Urša, KNEZ, Damijan, ZIDAR, Nace, GOBEC, Stanislav, KOS, Janko, LAH TURNŠEK, Tamara, PIŠLAR, Anja, BREZNIK, Barbara. Upregulation of cathepsin X in glioblastoma : interplay with γ-enolase and the effects of selective cathepsin X inhibitors. International journal of molecular sciences. 2022, vol. 23, iss. 3, str. 1-22, ilustr. ISSN 1422-0067
2. HABIČ, Anamarija, NOVAK, Metka, MAJC, Bernarda, LAH TURNŠEK, Tamara, BREZNIK, Barbara. Proteases regulate cancer stem cell properties and remodel their microenvironment. Journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry. [Online ed.]. 2021, vol. 69, iss. 12, str. 775-794. ISSN 1551-5044
3. SENJOR, Emanuela, HABIČ, Anamarija, ŠVAJGER, Urban, MITROVIĆ, Ana, PROJ, Matic, PORČNIK, Andrej, PRESTOR, Borut, JERALA, Miha, BOŠNJAK, Matic, GOBEC, Stanislav, BREZNIK, Barbara, KOS, Janko, PERIŠIĆ, Milica. Targeting cystatin F activation enhances NK cell cytotoxicity in glioblastoma models. Frontiers in immunology. Oct. 2025, vol. 16, [art. no.] 1708281, str. 1-14, ilustr. ISSN 1664-3224. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1708281
4. ZOTTEL, Alja (avtor, korespondenčni avtor), NOVAK, Metka, ŠAMEC, Neja, MAJC, Bernarda, COLJA, Sara, KATRAŠNIK, Mojca, VITTORI, Miloš, HRASTAR, Barbara, ROTTER, Ana, PORČNIK, Andrej, LAH TURNŠEK, Tamara, KOMEL, Radovan, BREZNIK, Barbara, JOVCHEVSKA, Ivana (avtor, korespondenčni avtor). Anti-vimentin nanobody decreases glioblastoma cell invasion in vitro and in vivo. Cancers. 2023, vol. 15, no. 3, str. 1-14, ilustr. ISSN 2072-6694
5. MAJC, Bernarda, HABIČ, Anamarija, MALAVOLTA, Marta, VITTORI, Miloš, PORČNIK, Andrej, BOŠNJAK, Roman, MLAKAR, Jernej, MATJAŠIČ, Alenka, ZUPAN, Andrej, SKOBLAR VIDMAR, Marija, LAH TURNŠEK, Tamara, SADIKOV, Aleksander, BREZNIK, Barbara, NOVAK, Metka. Patient-derived organoids mimic glioblastoma resistance to therapy and increase DNA Damage Response. iScience. [Online ed.]. 2023, vol. , no. , str. [1-10]. ISSN 2589-0042