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Plasma facing components (PFC) in fusion devices are exposed to plasma. Plasma-wall interaction processes are important as they impose a series of constraints on the components. The lifetime of the PFCs is dominantly determined by two processes: erosion and fuel retention. At the first wall the erosion is caused by …

Fusion technology has a great potential to safely provide an inexhaustible quantity of electricity without producing greenhouse gases and minimal hazardous waste compared to conventional energy sources, such as nuclear power plants. For materials intended for fusion plasma-facing applications, the essential properties are structural stability at elevated temperature, adequate thermal …

Electrochemical energy conversion devices such as fuel cells (FCs) and water electrolyzers (WE) have attracted attention from the scientific community for their unique ability to store electrical energy in the form of hydrogen and then generate electricity by the reverse process. Unfortunately, those devices rely on a significant amount of …

Human exposure to environmental stressors is widespread. Highly dynamic, these chemical, physical and social factors, collectively termed as the exposome, interact with internal factors such as genetics, sex, gut microbiome and general health status, and dictate susceptibility and risk for an onset of diseases. Human exposure to the chemicals is …

According to the EU’s Green Deal plan, one of the main objectives for the EU is to become a net-zero greenhouse emission society by 2050. Achieving this goal requires advancements across many areas ranging from energy production, conversion, distribution and energy storage where the key role is taken by the …

Of our main interest in this work is the stabilization of assemblies of topological defects (TDs) in liquid crystals (LCs). Due to the topological origin of TDs, the physics of defects is of interest for all branches of physics, including condensed matter systems, particle physics, and cosmology. LCs represent an …

Non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure plasmas are used in many areas, such as food and agriculture, plasma medicine, plasma surface modification, material synthesis and deposition. Because of their versatility, many plasma setups have been developed. Of greater interest are those that operate at atmospheric pressure, like atmospheric pressure plasma jets (APPJs). Regarding …

U and Th isotopic composition have been proven to be a valuable tool in environmental science, oceanography, hydrology, geology, nuclear forensics, and science-based archaeology. These applications require simultaneous detection of both minor and major isotopes at high accuracy. Often, the amount of sample or concentration of U and Th are …

Contaminants of emerging concern (CEC) are organic pollutants occurring in wastewater and consequently enter the environment. An alternative to conventional wastewater treatment are algal photobioreactors, which treat wastewater with low energy input while producing nutrient- and energy-rich algal biomass and treated water, which both have the potential to be reused. …

This work presents experimental studies of ordering phenomena, electromechanical and electrocaloric properties in single crystal, ceramic and solid solution relaxor ferroelectrics and single crystal ferroelectric materials. The main aim of investigations is to prove the existence of a liquid-vapor critical point in these systems and to verify its impact on …