Search Results (46)
Mechanisms and Effect of Deep Cryogenic Treatment on Steel Properties
Deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) is a type of cryogenic treatment, during which a material is subjected to temperatures below −160 °C. When a metallic material is modified with DCT, changes occur down to the nanoscopic level. DCT induces microstructural changes such as grain size refinement, formation of new grains, movement …
The role of cystatin C in inflammatory response
Innate immune system acts as the first line of defence to protect the host against pathogens. The regulation of immune system and inflammatory response is crucial since dysregulated or sustained inflammation leads to pathological conditions, septic shock and tissue damage. Macrophages are innate immune cells that sense pathogens with pattern …
The use of high-throughput sequencing for detection of viral sequences in complex samples from environment and industry
Metagenomics based on high throughput sequencing (HTS) has opened a new era of discovery and genomic characterization of viruses associated with a given host or environment. The search for novel viral sequences provides an excellent opportunity to improve early detection of pathogens, and to predict viral hosts and environmental reservoirs …
Targeted analysis of organic contaminants, exposure assessment, and vulnerability of populations to hazardous compounds
From the moment of conception until death, humans are exposed to chemicals at varying intensities and frequencies. While an individual’s level of resilience is commonly high enough to tolerate these kinds of stressors, specific exposures or genetic predispositions can lower it. Therefore, the assessment of chemical exposure, the development of …
Speciation of mercury in environmental samples from gold mining communities in Southwestern Ghana
Gold miners (Artisanal and Small-Scale [ASGM]) operating in southwestern Ghana use exclusive mercury-gold amalgamation, cyanidation of gold-rich mercury-contaminated tailings, or a combination of both techniques during gold extraction; exposing water bodies within the catchment to mercury (Hg) and cyanide (CN) from mining discharged effluents. Additionally, sporadic CN spillage/leakage from Large …
Method for the determination of uranium isotope ratios and its application as a novel geochemical tracer
U and Th isotopic composition have been proven to be a valuable tool in environmental science, oceanography, hydrology, geology, nuclear forensics, and science-based archaeology. These applications require simultaneous detection of both minor and major isotopes at high accuracy. Often, the amount of sample or concentration of U and Th are …
Predicting the dynamics of spatio-temporal systems based on heterogeneous data sources
As urbanisation continues to be a trend, in which centralisation of the population into cities is still growing, the importance of intelligent solutions in mobility is in high demand. Likewise, with the integration of renewable energies into all levels of the electrical grid system and the increasing amount of heavy …
Phylogenomic analysis of RNA viruses in invertebrates
RNA viruses are the largest group of viruses. Among them are some of the most notorious human, animal and plant pathogens. Many insects and nematodes are vectors of plant and animal RNA viruses. The latest studies of RNA viral diversity in invertebrates have demonstrated that the Protostomia lineage represents the …
Development of novel 3D in vitro cell models for genotoxicity assessment
The determination of genotoxicity is an important element in the safety assessment of various substances, with the purpose of preventing a number of chemicals from affecting human health. Genotoxicity testing is required for all classes of chemicals, drugs and biological agents, which can lead to a wide range of diseases, …
Iodine(I) compounds: Catalysts for iodination of organic molecules
The use of hydrogen peroxide as enviromentally benign oxidant for the oxidative iodination of organic molecules with iodine in the presence of halide ions as catalysts for the formation of iodine(I) species was investigated. The study of the reaction system iodine/ hydrogen peroxide/ acid revealed the formation of iodine(I) compound …